Tyre Terminology

Tyre terminology consists of various technical terms that define the structure, performance, and characteristics of tyres. Key terms include tread, which refers to the outer rubber layer that makes contact with the road, and sidewall, the section between the tread and the bead that provides structural support. The bead is the innermost edge that ensures a secure fit to the wheel rim. Additionally, radial tyres and bias-ply tyres describe different tyre constructions, with radial tyres offering better fuel efficiency and heat dissipation due to their perpendicular steel belt arrangement.

Another important term is aspect ratio, which represents the height of the tyre's sidewall as a percentage of its width, affecting ride comfort and handling.

Performance-related terminology includes rolling resistance, which measures how much effort is needed to keep the tyre moving, influencing fuel consumption. Load index and speed rating are crucial indicators of a tyre’s weight-carrying capacity and maximum speed capability, respectively. The contact patch refers to the portion of the tyre that touches the road, impacting traction and stability. Wet grip rating and treadwear rating are essential for understanding a tyre’s durability and performance in different weather conditions. Additionally, terms like oversteer and understeer describe how a vehicle responds to steering inputs, often influenced by tyre characteristics. Understanding these terms helps in selecting the right tyre for optimal safety, performance, and longevity.